석수코딩교육

클래스의 상속(Class inheritance)

상속이란 말을 어디선가 들어본 적이 있는 것 같지 않나요? 
짐작하는 그 상속이 맞냐구요? 네 맞습니다. 
혹시나 상속이 뭔지 들어보 적 없는 분들을 위해 무엇인지 알려드리려고 합니다. 
상속이란 네이버 지식백과를 빌어 다음과 같이 정의되어 있습니다. 
'일정한 친족적 관계가 있는 사람 사이에 한 쪽이 사망하거나 법률상의 원인이 발생하였을 때 재산적 또는 친족적 권리와 의무를 계승하는 제도'. 
즉, 부모님이 돌아가셨다고 할 때 그 유산을 자식이 물려받는 것이라고 할 수 있습니다. 
클래스의 상속도 이와 똑같습니다. 
객체 지향 프로그래밍에선 부모 클래스와 자식 클래스가 있는데, 
부모 클래스는 자식 클래스의 기반이 된다 하여 기반 클래스라고 부르기도 하고, 
자식 클래스는 부모 클래스로부터 파생되었다고 해서 파생 클래스라고도 부르기도 합니다.

C#에서, 클래스를 다른 클래스로 상속하려면 다음과 같이 클래스 이름 뒤에 콜론(:)을 추가하고 상속하려는 클래스의 이름을 덧붙이시면 됩니다.

using NoName;
using NoName.Windows.Forms;
using NoName.Timers;

class FrmMain : Form
{
NoName.Timers.Timer tm = new NoName.Timers.Timer();
FrmChild f1 = new FrmChild();

int ____width=0;
int ____height=0;
int ____idx=0;

public FrmMain()
{
this.Text="FrmMain";

tm.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(____time_tick);
tm.Interval = 1000;
tm.Start();

f1.Show();
}
void ____time_tick(object sender, ElapsedEventArgs e)
{
this.Width = f1.Width + ____width;
this.Height = f1.Height + ____height;

____width += 10;
____height += 10;

____idx++;
if(____idx==13) f1.Close();
if(____idx==14) this.Close();

this.Text = "FrmMain" + ">>>[" + ____idx.ToString("0000") + "]";
}
protected override bool ProcessCmdKey(ref Message msg, Keys keyData)
{
const int WM_KEYDOWN = 0x0100, WM_SYSKEYDOWN = 0x0104, WM_PAINT = 0x000f, WM_SIZE = 0x0005;

if ((msg.Msg == WM_KEYDOWN) || (msg.Msg == WM_SYSKEYDOWN))
{
         switch (keyData.ToString())
         {
case "Return" :
DialogResult dialogResult = MessageBox.Show("[" + this.Text + "]" + ">>Quit OK!!", "Inform",
              MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Information);

if (dialogResult == DialogResult.OK) Application.Exit();
break;
case "Right"  :
break;
case "Left"   :
break;
         default:
             break;
         }
     }
return base.ProcessCmdKey(ref msg, keyData);
}
protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
{
const int WM_KEYDOWN = 0x0100, WM_SYSKEYDOWN = 0x0104, WM_PAINT = 0x000f, WM_SIZE = 0x0005;

base.WndProc(ref m);

try
{
switch(m.Msg)
{
case WM_PAINT :
break;
default:
break;
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
}

class FrmChildBase : Form
{
//
}

class FrmChild : FrmChildBase
{
public FrmChild()
{
this.Width=400;
this.Height=400;

this.Text="FrmChild";
}
}

class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new FrmMain());
}
}

IntPtr 구조체

정의
네임스페이스:
System
어셈블리:
System.Runtime.dll
포인터나 핸들을 나타내는 데 사용되는 플랫폼별 형식입니다.

using NoName;
using NoName.Runtime.InteropServices;

class NotTooSafeStringReverse
{
    static public void Main()
    {
        string stringA = "I seem to be turned around!";
        int copylen = stringA.Length;

        // Allocate HGlobal memory for source and destination strings
        IntPtr sptr = Marshal.StringToHGlobalAnsi(stringA);
        IntPtr dptr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(copylen + 1);

        // The unsafe section where byte pointers are used.
        unsafe
        {
            byte *src = (byte *)sptr.ToPointer();
            byte *dst = (byte *)dptr.ToPointer();

            if (copylen > 0)
            {
                // set the source pointer to the end of the string
                // to do a reverse copy.
                src += copylen - 1;

                while (copylen-- > 0)
                {
                    *dst++ = *src--;
                }
                *dst = 0;
            }
        }
        string stringB = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(dptr);

        Console.WriteLine("Original:\n{0}\n", stringA);
        Console.WriteLine("Reversed:\n{0}", stringB);

        // Free HGlobal memory
        Marshal.FreeHGlobal(dptr);
        Marshal.FreeHGlobal(sptr);
    }
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------
D:\tmp\console>csc sample.cs /unsafe
Microsoft (R) Visual C# Compiler version 4.8.4084.0
for C# 5
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

This compiler is provided as part of the Microsoft (R) .NET Framework, but only supports language versions up to C# 5, which is no longer the latest version. For compilers that support newer versions of the C# programming language, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=533240


D:\tmp\console>
D:\tmp\console>
D:\tmp\console>
D:\tmp\console>
D:\tmp\console>
D:\tmp\console>ex44
Original:
I seem to be turned around!

Reversed:
!dnuora denrut eb ot mees I

D:\tmp\console>
--------------------------------------------------------------------*/

class Program
{
string drawText;

protected override void OnPaint(NoName.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs pea)
{
NoName.Drawing.Graphics formGraphics = pea.Graphics;
NoName.Drawing.Font drawFont = new NoName.Drawing.Font("바탕체", DEPTH);
formGraphics.DrawString(drawText, drawFont, NoName.Drawing.Brushes.SteelBlue, 0, 0); //x,y position display
}
void draw()
{
int ii,kk;

drawText="";

for(ii=0; ii<MAPY-1; ii++)
{
for(kk=1; kk<MAPX-1; kk++)
{
if(tris[ii,kk]==1) drawText=drawText+"()";
else drawText=drawText+"  ";
}
drawText=drawText+"\n";
}

Invalidate();
}
}

In C#,,,,,,,,

When Owner draw Control ,,,,,,,,,,,,

using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

...

/// <summary>
/// 메시지 보내기
/// </summary>
/// <param name="windowHandle">윈도우 핸들</param>
/// <param name="message">메시지</param>
/// <param name="wParam">WORD 파리미터</param>
/// <param name="lParam">LONG 파라미터</param>
/// <returns>처리 결과</returns>
[DllImport("User32.dll")]
public static extern Int64 SendMessage(IntPtr windowHandle, uint message, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);

...

/// <summary>
/// WM_PAINT
/// </summary>
private const int WM_PAINT = 0x000f;

...

#region ForcePaint(form)

/// <summary>
/// 강제로 칠하기
/// </summary>
/// <param name="form">폼</param>
public void ForcePaint(Form form)
{
    SendMessage(form.Handle, WM_PAINT, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
}

#endregion

/*
 * BackgroundWorker 사용법 : Form 혹은 Console이 사라지면 함께 작동을 멈춘다.
 * BackgroundWorker 클래스
   네임스페이스: System.ComponentModel
 */


using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;

public class Program : Form
{
int toggle=0;

public Program()
{
this.Text="BackgroungWorker Thread Process!!";
}
protected override bool ProcessCmdKey(ref Message msg, Keys keyData)
{
if ((msg.Msg == WM_KEYDOWN) || (msg.Msg == WM_SYSKEYDOWN))
{
         switch (keyData)
         {
         case Keys.S:
             break; 
         case Keys.F5:
             break; 
         case Keys.Enter:
             Application.Exit();
             break;
         case Keys.Tab:
             break;
         default:
             break;
         }
     }
return base.ProcessCmdKey(ref msg, keyData);
}
protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
{
base.WndProc(ref m);

try
{
switch(m.Msg)
{
default:
if(toggle==0)
{
BackgroundMakeCls nm = new BackgroundMakeCls();
nm.running();

toggle=100; //Form이 실행시에 오직 한번만 수행하도록 한다.
}
break;
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
Application.Run(new Program());
}
}

public class BackgroundMakeCls
{
BackgroundWorker recvWorker = new BackgroundWorker();
BackgroundWorker sendWorker = new BackgroundWorker();

public void running()
{
recvWorker.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(recvWorker_DoWork);
recvWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(recvWorker_RunWorkerCompleted);

sendWorker.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(sendWorker_DoWork);
sendWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(sendWorker_RunWorkerCompleted);

recvWorker.RunWorkerAsync();
}
void recvWorker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine(">>>>recvWorker_DoWork");
}
void recvWorker_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
        {
Console.WriteLine(">>>>recvWorker_RunWorkerCompleted");

try
{
if(! sendWorker.IsBusy) sendWorker.RunWorkerAsync();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
void sendWorker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine(">>>>recvWorker_DoWork");
}
void sendWorker_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine(">>>>recvWorker_RunWorkerCompleted");

try
{
if(! recvWorker.IsBusy) recvWorker.RunWorkerAsync();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
}